Resumen En este trabajo se realiza un análisis exploratorio sobre lo que se ha venido concibiendo como un nuevo campo del saber científico desde hace algunas décadas, nos referimos a la neuroteología. También se pretende entender hasta qué punto la filosofía naturalista contemporánea puede estar vinculada con la neuroteología -sobre todo cuando el naturalismo implica, en la mayoría de los casos, un reduccionismo que conduce al materialismo-, teniendo en conside ración que en las distintas áreas neurocientíficas tiene lugar un fisicalismo, (...) esto es, una reducción de las propiedades o procesos cognitivos a meros procesos cerebrales e interacciones neuronales, que, gracias a la tecnología, hoy pueden ser visualizados por distintos instrumentos y técnicas.In this work an exploratory analysis is carried out on what has been conceived as a new field of scientific knowledge for some decades, we refer to neurotheology. It is also intended to under- stand to what extent contemporary naturalistic philosophy can be linked to neurotheology - especially when naturalism implies, in most cases, a reductionism that leads to materialism -, taking into account that in the different neuroscientific areas it has instead a physicalism, that is, a reduction of cognitive properties or processes to mere brain processes and neural interactions, which, thanks to technology, can now be visualized by different instruments and techniques. (shrink)

Decentralizing Knowledges examines the way modern western thought has attempted to bring all knowledge under its own order, a process of placing all thinking into a single colonial system and looks at the way that this centering process might be undone. The contributors present a complex, multiple and uneven set of decentering processes, that gradually open thinking to what has been excluded, whether that exclusion was gender, race, or sexuality based, or indigenous or culturally different. The collection makes a case (...) for "epistemic decentralizing," or the redistribution and reorientation of resources, institutional support, and authority to peripheral actors, emphasizing the agency to produce new knowledge. The book's theoretical and empirical analyses provide a comprehensive overview of the complex processes required to challenge mainstream thinking, as well as the contending nature of the initiatives analyzed. Decentralizing Knowledges clearly points out that the processes of decentering and decentralization are useful analytical tools to account for widely documented epistemic asymmetries in the social sciences and humanities. (shrink)

El presente monográfico de Recerca titulado «Los nuevos discursos del management: contribuciones desde una perspectiva crítica», se compone de siete artículos de investigación y dos recensiones. A través de los diferentes escritos se pretende realizar un recorrido por el estado actual de los discursos del management y sus repercusiones no solo en el mundo del trabajo, sino en el grueso de la sociedad desde una perspectiva crítica. Así pues, a lo largo de las siguientes páginas el/la lector/a podrá transitar por (...) los diferentes discursos que hoy en día caracterizan el espacio social. Nos referimos a marcos generales de sentido como el individualismo y la descolectivización de lo social, pero también a cuestiones más concretas como el emprendimiento y la precariedad; todos ellos componentes que conforman el escenario al que nos estamos remitiendo en todo momento, esto es, el del discurso neoliberal o el «nuevo espíritu del capitalismo» (Boltanski y Chiapello, 2002). (shrink)

Retraction note: Rincón Rodríguez, I. C., Chaparro Medina, J. E. & Garazón Posada, M. (2022). Business productivity and union ethics: a look at Colombia. HUMAN REVIEW. International Humanities Revista Internacional De Humanidades, 14(4), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.37467/revhuman.v11.4145 The Editorial Office of Eurasia Academic Publishing Group has retracted this article. An investigation carried out by our Research Integrity Department has found a group of articles, among which this one is found, that are not within the thematic scope of the journal. We believe (...) that the editorial process was manipulated and, furthermore, acceptance decisions were made under possibly inappropriate peer review. (shrink)

El presente texto nace del proyecto de investigación en gestión empresarial que se adelanta en el programa de administración de empresas donde están vinculados los autores. Se presenta la persecución del éxito empresarial y la ética sindical como la finalidad de consolidar el desarrollo sustentable latinoamericano. En ese sentido las nuevas realidades laborales se han estado enfocando recientemente en la productividad, en la eliminación del trabajo estático dando lugar al trabajo remoto y la formación de equipos de trabajo sinérgicos, que (...) respondan a las inclinaciones de esta nueva descendencia de subalternos, afectando así a las organizaciones sindicales que dependen del claustro de trabajo. (shrink)

The search for a systems‐level picture of metabolism as a web of molecular interactions provides a paradigmatic example of how the methods used to characterize a system can bias the interpretation of its functional meaning. Metabolic maps have been analyzed using novel techniques from network theory, revealing some non‐trivial, functionally relevant properties. These include a small‐world structure and hierarchical modularity. However, as discussed here, some of these properties might actually result from an inappropriate way of defining network interactions. Starting from (...) the so‐called bipartite organization of metabolism, where the two meaningful subsets (reactions and metabolites) are considered, most current works use only one of the subsets by means of so‐called graph projections. Unfortunately, projected graphs often ignore relevant biological and chemical constraints, thus leading to statistical artifacts. Some of these drawbacks and alternative approaches need to be properly addressed. (shrink)

The accuracy of proxies when they interpret advance directives or apply substituted decision-making criteria has been called into question. It therefore became important to know if the Andalusian Advance Directive Form (AADF) can help to increase the accuracy of proxies' predictions. The aim of this research was to compare the effect of the AADF on the accuracy of proxies' predictions about patients' preferences with that gained from informative and deliberative sessions about end-of-life decision making. A total of 171 pairs of (...) patients and their proxies were randomized to three groups. The control group's answers to the Life Sustaining Preferences Questionnaire (LSPQ) were compared with their proxies' answers to the same questionnaire. In one intervention group, the patients had already completed the AADF and given it to their proxies, who used it to guide their own answers to the LSPQ. In the second intervention (discussion) group, both patients and proxies attended two educative sessions guided by trained nurses and later filled in the LSPQ. Comparisons of accuracy and other variables showed a strong association with the discussion group. The findings show that promoting communication between patients and their proxies improves the accuracy of proxies' predictions much more than isolated use of the AADF form. (shrink)

This article explores the philosophy of Alain Badiou from the vantage point of the concepts of the localization, delocalization, and relocalization of the void as thematized through literary arts, religion, emancipatory politics, and the subject of psychoanalysis. In short, these moments around the void characterize the processes through which truth is processed and seen through their full realization by a philosophical engagement across the various conditions in which these truths occur. The localization of a void is the naming of an (...) indiscernible element that is incommensurable to the rubric of constructible knowledge, sense and meaning which could saturate the space of truth. Thus, the naming that localizes the void acts as a subtraction of the invariant in the variance of situation such that across various points in space and time, we are still able to subtract the universal as the invariant not just as the fidelity to the localized truth but also as the resurrection of truth upon its relocalization at a different place and a different time. At its core, this article is concerned with truth, why truth is persistent, and why we have to struggle to articulate the truth that we are trying to be faithful to again and again with each instance that truth risks being covered-over and obscured. (shrink)

After presenting a brief history of philosophy in Hispanic-America since the XVI century, we discuss whether the idea of province and empire is applicable to contemporary Hispanic-American philosophy, investigate the form these ideas adopt in this region, and inquire into the ways in which provincialism i s present in philosophical work. We conclude that there are three main groups that understand their peripheral position in different ways, with different views on the way in which they should insert into the mainstream (...) of Western philosophy. (shrink)

Resumen: En el marco del estudio de los discursos gerenciales, se destacan en el presente texto algunas de las aportaciones de Medina-Vicent, especialmente el análisis de los procesos de individualización y despolitización de mensajes que entroncarían con las reivindicaciones del feminismo. En este contexto, se propone la incorporación del concepto foucaultiano de dispositivo para el estudio de los elementos que contribuyen a la difusión de los discursos gerenciales. Este concepto podría ser de utilidad en la investigación empírica, proporcionando una (...) herramienta conceptual para estudiar como un sistema homogéneo de relaciones de saber y poder los distintos elementos que conformarían el dispositivo gerencial.: Within the framework of the study of managerial discourses, this text highlights some of the contributions of Medina-Vicent, especially the analysis of the processes of individualization and depoliticization of messages that are linked to the claims of feminism. In this context, the incorporation of the Foucauldian concept of dispositif is proposed for the study of the elements that contribute to the diffusion of managerial discourses. This concept could be useful in the empirical analysis, as well as providing a conceptual tool to study the different elements that make up the managerial dispositif as a homogeneous system of knowledge and power relations. Palabras clave: gerencialismo, dispositivo, herramientas disciplinarias. Keywords: managerialism, dispositif, disciplinary instruments. (shrink)

Resumen: El objetivo de esta contribución es el de realizar una valoración del trabajo de Maria Medina-Vicent Mujeres y discursos gerenciales: hacia la autogestión feminista. En el texto se describirá la importancia que tienen las ideologías gerenciales como articuladoras del discurso pro-empresarial contemporáneo para, a continuación, señalar las principales contribuciones del libro de Medina-Vicent, que son la de no solo criticar el peculiar tipo de feminismo presente en los libros de literatura empresarial dirigidos a mujeres, sino proponer una (...) reversión de los discursos neoliberales sostenida en las aportaciones de la teoría feminista.: This contribution aims at making an assessment of the work of Maria Medina-Vicent Mujeres y discursos gerenciales: hacia la autogestión feminista. The text will describe the importance of managerial ideologies as articulators of contemporary pro-business discourses. Besides, the main contributions of Medina-Vicent’s book will be highlighted. Those are not only the critique of the peculiar type of feminism underpinning in management books addressed to women, but also the proposal of a feminist theory-based rejection of neoliberal discourses. Palabras clave: ideologías gerenciales, feminismo, estudios críticos de gestión, mujeres líderes. Keywords: managerial ideologies, feminism, critical management studies, female leaders. (shrink)

Resumen: Este texto es una respuesta abierta a las apreciaciones planteadas por las profesoras María Ávila Bravo-Villasante y Lydia de Tienda Palop, y los profesores Carlos Jesús Fernández Rodríguez y David Muñoz Rodríguez a la obra Mujeres y discursos gerenciales. Hacia la autogestión feminista. A lo largo de las presentes páginas se busca articular un diálogo entre miradas procedentes de diferentes disciplinas que contribuya a enriquecer la reflexión elaborada en dicha obra y abrir nuevos interrogantes sobre la misma. A su (...) vez, dicho diálogo permitirá seguir ampliando el campo de los estudios del management desde la perspectiva feminista.: This is an open response to the comments of professors María Ávila Bravo-Villasante, Lydia de Tienda Palop, Carlos Jesús Fernández Rodríguez, and David Muñoz Rodríguez to the book Mujeres y discursos gerenciales. Hacia la autogestión feminista. The aim is to articulate a dialogue among views from different disciplines that can contribute to enrich the reflection elaborated in the book and to open new questions about it, with the hope that this dialogue will help to expand the field of management studies from a feminist perspective. Palabras clave: postfeminismo, mujeres, liderazgo, gestión. Keywords: postfeminism, women, leadership, management. (shrink)

Desde la certidumbre del sentido necesariamente inacabado, nómada y abierto de sus propuestas, el presente volumen de la Colección La Fuente da cuentas del esfuerzo de un grupo de investigadores del Instituto de Filosofía de La Habana (IF) y de la Universidad Autónoma de Puebla (BUAP) por esbozar, más que respuestas, aquellas interrogantes sociales, culturales y artísticas que, desde constelaciones cambiantes de conceptos y reflexiones estéticas, puedan ser emplazadas en sus respectivas realidades. El presente libro es el tercero de la (...) serie Redes, dedicada a plasmar los principales resultados del trabajo de colaboración del Cuerpo Académico de Estética y Arte de la BUAP con otros grupos de investigación. La coordinación de esta entrega contó con la sapiencia y laboriosidad académica de la doctora Alicia Pino Rodríguez (1954-2017), investigadora del IF, integrante del Consejo de la Colección, coordinadora de su segundo volumen y parte esencial de este, dedicado a su memoria. (shrink)

Which is the best icon of philosophical activity? The Spanish philosopher Garcia Morente analyses three sculptures: Le penseur by Rodin, Il pensieroso by Michelangelo and a sculpture known as El Doncel de Siguenza, in the cathedral of this Castilian town. Morente asserts that the latest reflects better than anyone else the nature of philosophy. In this paper the Morente’s view is rejected and another two ways of representing the philosophical activity are suggested: two ancient paintings that represent more properly the (...) philosophical labour, understood as an unending Socratic dialogue. (shrink)

Una novedad relevante en la LOMLOE es la introducción de la memoria democrática como una nueva dimensión de la Educación para la Ciudadanía, con el objeto de promover la participación ciudadana en la vida pública. Sin embargo, el trabajo de Navarro-Medina, De Alba-Fernández y Pérez-Rodríguez (2023), señalando la ausencia en el actual currículo de conceptos clave como dictadura, franquismo, régimen totalitario, persecución, exilio o sublevación, nos sitúa en la tesitura de valorar las interpretaciones que han realizado de la actual (...) ley de educación el conjunto de comunidades autónomas del estado español. El problema de investigación del que partimos intenta valorar en qué medida ha influido el signo político de cada una, en la interpretación realizada de las indicaciones ministeriales. A tal fin, acometemos un estudio descriptivo-interpretativo de los decretos que establecen la ordenación del currículo en la etapa de Educación Primaria en las comunidades autónomas. (shrink)

Gonzalo Rodriguez-Pereyra presents an original study of the place and role of the Identity of Indiscernibles in Leibniz's philosophy. The Principle of the Identity of Indiscernibles rules out numerically distinct but perfectly similar things; Leibniz derived it from more basic principles and used it to establish important philosophical theses. Rodriguez-Pereyra aims to establish what Leibniz meant by the Principle of Identity of Indiscernibles, what his arguments for and from it were, and to assess those arguments and Leibniz's claims (...) about the Principle of Identity of Indiscernibles. He argues that Leibniz had a very strong version of the principle, according to which no possibilia are intrinsically perfectly similar, where this excludes things that differ in magnitude alone. The book discusses Leibniz's arguments for the Identity of Indiscernibles in the Meditation on the Principle of the Individual, the Discourse on Metaphysics, Notationes Generales, Primary Truths, the letter to Casati of 1689, the correspondence with Clarke, as well as the use of the Identity of Indiscernibles in Leibniz's arguments against the Cartesian conception of the material world, atoms, absolute space and time, the Lockean conception of the mind as a tabula rasa, and freedom of indifference. Rodriguez-Pereyra argues that the Identity of Indiscernibles was a central but inessential principle of Leibniz's philosophy. (shrink)

Law, Economics, and Morality examines the possibility of combining economic methodology and deontological morality through explicit and direct incorporation of moral constraints into economic models. Economic analysis of law is a powerful analytical methodology. However, as a purely consequentialist approach, which determines the desirability of acts and rules solely by assessing the goodness of their outcomes, standard cost-benefit analysis is normatively objectionable. Moderate deontology prioritizes such values as autonomy, basic liberties, truth-telling, and promise-keeping over the promotion of good outcomes. It (...) holds that there are constraints on promoting the good. Such constraints may be overridden only if enough good is at stake. While moderate deontology conforms to prevailing moral intuitions and legal doctrines, it is arguably lacking in methodological rigor and precision. Eyal Zamir and Barak Medina argue that the normative flaws of economic analysis can be rectified without relinquishing its methodological advantages and that moral constraints can be formalized so as to make their analysis more rigorous. They discuss various substantive and methodological choices involved in modeling deontological constraints. Zamir and Medina propose to determine the permissibility of any act or rule infringing a deontological constraint by means of mathematical threshold functions. Law, Economics, and Morality presents the general structure of threshold functions, analyzes their elements and addresses possible objections to this proposal. It then illustrates the implementation of constrained CBA in several legal fields, including contract law, freedom of speech, antidiscrimination law, the fight against terrorism, and legal paternalism. (shrink)

College cheating is prevalent, with rates ranging widely from 9 to 95%. Research has been exclusively conducted with enrolled college students. This study examined the prevalence of cheating in a sample of college alumni, who risk less in disclosing academic dishonesty than current students. A total of 273 alumni reported on their prevalence and perceived severity of 19 cheating behaviors. The vast majority of participants report having engaged in some form of cheating during their undergraduate career. The most common forms (...) of cheating were “copying from another student's assignment” and “allowing others to copy from your assignment.” More students reported cheating in classes for their major than other classes. Males and females cheated at the same rates in classes for their major, and males reported higher rates of cheating than females in nonmajor classes. Respondents reported that their top reasons for cheating were “lack of time” and “to help a friend.”. (shrink)

La actividad científico-informativa constituye un componente esencial de la actividad científica. Las etapas y tareas que la integran persiguen como propósito fundamental garantizar a los investigadores la información pertinente para el desarrollo exitoso de su trabajo. De ahí la necesidad de evaluar con periodicidad su comportamiento en las bibliotecas médicas. A partir de ello, el objetivo del estudio fue sistematizar los aspectos teórico-metodológicos correspondientes a la evaluación de la actividad científico- informativa en bibliotecas médicas. Para su realización se realizó revisión (...) bibliográfica en la que se analizaron tanto documentos normativos que rigen su accionar en el sector de la salud cubano, como materiales emitidos por otras instancias nacionales e internacionales. The informative work constitutes an essential component of the scientific work. The stages and tasks that comprise it pursue as fundamental purpose to ensure relevant information in order that researchers achieve the successful development of their work. Hence the need to assess regularly their behavior in the medical libraries. Based on that, the objective of the study was to systematize the methodological aspects relating to the evaluation of the scientific-informative work at the medical libraries. In order to accomplish this a broad literature review was made which analyzed both normative documents governing its actions in the Cuban health sector, as materials issued by other national and international bodies. (shrink)

Se discuten varias concepciones con respecto al carácter normativo de la filosofía de la ciencia. De entre éstas, se aboga por una forma de naturalismo comprometido con la necesidad de discutir los valores (epistémicos o no) de la ciencia. El ejemplo de la "ciencia reguladora" ilustra esa necesidad.

In Switzerland, the importance of transparency in animal experimentation is emphasized by the Swiss Federal Council, recognizing the public’s great interest in this matter. Federal reporting on animal experimentation indicates a total of 585,991 animals used in experiments in Switzerland in 2022. By Swiss law, the report enables the public to learn about many aspects such as the species and degree of suffering experienced by the animals, but some information of interest to the public is missing, such as the fate (...) of the animals at the end of the experiment (e.g., euthanized, rehomed in a private home, reused in another experiment). When it comes to animals bred in facilities but not used in experiments, further information of interest is not required to be made public according to Swiss law, for example, the number and fate of “surplus” animals (i.e., animals bred but not used in experiments for a variety of reasons such as not carrying the phenotypical properties needed). Considering that the Swiss government has a duty to provide a full accounting of animal experimentation conducted on the public’s behalf, further relevant information should be disclosed. While efforts toward transparency, such as the STAAR Agreement, have been made in the scientific community, these mostly reflect the legal requirements already in force. If Switzerland is to move toward more transparency in public information on animal experimentation, an update of the legal requirements is needed. In this article, we give recommendations for Swiss law to move toward more transparency in public information on seven aspects: (1) the fate of the animals at the end of the experiment; (2) the sources of funding for animal experimentation; (3) the harm-benefit analysis performed by researchers and ethics committees to justify an experiment using animals; (4) the number of breeding/surplus animals; (5) the fate of breeding/surplus animals; (6) the harms experienced by animals in facilities; and (7) the funding of animal facilities. (shrink)

RESUMEN Introducción: La educación en el trabajo es la forma fundamental del proceso docente educativo en las carreras de las ciencias médicas y en específico para la asignatura de Medicina Comunitaria de la carrera de Medicina. Objetivo: Exponer elementos referidos a una guía didáctica para la educación en el trabajo de la asignatura Medicina Comunitaria. Método: Se diseñó una guía didáctica para la educación en el trabajo, desde la asignatura Medicina Comunitaria. Se interactuó con estudiantes de segundo año de la (...) carrera de Medicina, la cuak abarcó 4 etapas. Resultados: Se ofrecen las tareas con sus objetivos y acciones a cumplimentar por los estudiantes, amparados por la guía actual de confección del Análisis de la Situación de Salud. Conclusiones: La guía constituye una herramienta que posibilita la realización de las actividades de la educación en el trabajo a la vez que permite el logro de competencias profesionales. ABSTRACT Introduction: The education in the work is the fundamental form of the educational teaching process in the careers of the medical sciences and in specific for the subject of Community Medicine of the career of Medicine. Objective: To exhibit elements referred to a didactic guide for the education in the work of the Community Medicine subject. Method: A didactic guide was designed for the education in the work, from the Community Medicine subject. It was interacted with students of the second year of the career of Medicine, which included 4 stages. Results: The tasks are offered with their objectives and actions to complete for the students protected by the current guide of preparation of the Analysis of the Situation of Health. Conclusions: The guide constitutes a tool that makes possible the achievement of the activities of the education in the work, simultaneously it allows the achievement of professional competitions. (shrink)

Bernardo de Monteagudo en su texto: Diálogo entre Atahualpa y Fernando VII en los Campos Eliseos, parte de una crítica a las atrocidades llevadas a cabo por los españoles contra los americanos en la Conquista –atrocidades que sobrepasan las llevadas a cabo por Napoleón contra Fernando VII–, para proponer una integración social y cultural que movilice a los pueblos latinoamericanos a la independencia del colonialismo español. Sin embargo, su propuesta no reivindica al indígena, sino que su imagen es usada por (...) el escritor como símbolo de una Latinoamérica que se limita a los criollos. Es decir, el indígena quedará, luego de las independencias latinoamericanas, en una situación similar a la colonial, sólo que ahora bajo el dominio de los criollos. De igual manera, esto nos puede suceder en nuestra realidad bogotana: pensar que Latinoamérica, y especialmente Colombia, se reduce a los Andes, a las ciudades del interior, excluyendo así al Caribe. (shrink)

Este trabajo consiste en una aproximación a las razones de la democracia y al papel de la opinión pública en la misma. Contiene también un ensayo conceptual analítico que pretende dar cuenta suficientemente de los elementos definitorios de esos dos conceptos centrales del discurso político y jurídico. Democracia y opinión pública no son realidades identificables de manera indiscutible y no siempre cuando se habla de ellas se hace un uso homogéneo de los términos y de su sentido político. Este trabajo (...) pretende dar respuesta, aunque sea con carácter no definitivo, a algunos de los interrogantes que derivan de las distintas propuestas sobre la democracia y sobre la opinión pública que se han ofrecido por el pensamiento político moderno y contemporáneo. (shrink)